Twee vaderlanden

Nationale identiteit bij Johan Barthold Jongkind

Samenvatting

Art has been divided into nationalised art movements, or
schools, for centuries. This article questions the usefulness of this
categorisation based on the case study of Dutch painter Johan
Barthold Jongkind (1819-1891). Writings about Jongkind by
contemporaries, as well as literature is used to show how he has
been repeatedly claimed to be either a Dutch or a French painter.
In line with recent scholars such as Thomas DaCosta Kaufmann,
this research concludes that national schools are an unsuitable
perspective on something as international as art. In addition, that
many artists have been (almost) forgotten because they did not fit
any national art history.